Expenditure on Major Items in Budget 2025-26: A Detailed Analysis
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Expenditure on Major Items in Budget 2025-26: A Detailed Analysis

Expenditure on Major Items in Budget 2025-26: A Detailed Analysis

Introduction

The Union Budget 2025-26 outlines significant allocations across key expenditure heads, reflecting the government’s priorities in social welfare, infrastructure, defense, and economic development. This section provides an in-depth analysis of the budgeted expenditure for major items, comparing it with previous years’ figures and highlighting critical trends.


Key Expenditure Categories and Allocations

The total expenditure for 2025-26 is ₹50.65 lakh crore, with allocations spread across various sectors. Below is a detailed breakdown:

Category2023-24 Actuals (₹ crore)2024-25 BE (₹ crore)2024-25 RE (₹ crore)2025-26 BE (₹ crore)
Pension2,38,3282,43,2962,75,1032,76,618
Defence4,44,6994,54,7734,56,7224,91,732
Fertiliser Subsidy1,88,2921,64,0001,71,2991,67,887
Food Subsidy2,11,8142,05,2501,97,4202,03,420
Petroleum Subsidy12,24011,92514,70012,100
Agriculture & Allied Activities1,45,9951,51,8511,40,8591,71,437
Commerce & Industry49,80947,55956,50265,553
Development of North East1,6285,9004,0065,915
Education1,23,3651,25,6381,14,0541,28,650
Energy52,40568,76963,40381,174
External Affairs28,91522,15525,27720,517
Finance23,40386,33963,51262,924
Health81,59489,28788,03298,311
Home Affairs1,96,8722,19,6432,20,3712,33,211
Interest Payments10,63,87211,62,94011,37,94012,76,338
IT & Telecom82,2771,16,3421,17,86995,298
Rural Development2,41,1932,65,8081,90,6752,66,817
Scientific Departments24,65732,73629,83155,679
Social Welfare42,06556,50146,48260,052
Tax Administration1,91,3272,03,5302,07,9681,86,632
Transport5,26,7655,44,1285,41,3845,48,649
Urban Development68,56582,57763,67096,777
Others4,03,3674,73,5554,50,0084,82,653

Budgetary Trends and Implications

  • Shift Towards Capital Expenditure: Higher investments in infrastructure and modernization projects.
  • Focus on Self-Reliance: Increased support for domestic industries, including defense and technology.
  • Fiscal Prudence: Balancing subsidies and welfare schemes with revenue generation.

Conclusion

The budget for 2025-26 maintains a fine balance between growth and fiscal stability. While interest payments and subsidies continue to be significant, the focus remains on infrastructure, defense, and social welfare. The allocations reflect a strategic approach toward India’s long-term economic growth and resilience.

Stay tuned for more insights and sectoral breakdowns!

Refernece: https://www.indiabudget.gov.in/doc/Budget_at_Glance/budget_at_a_glance.pdf (Page 13)

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Harshvardhan Mishra

Harshvardhan Mishra is a tech expert with a B.Tech in IT and a PG Diploma in IoT from CDAC. With 6+ years of Industrial experience, he runs HVM Smart Solutions, offering IT, IoT, and financial services. A passionate UPSC aspirant and researcher, he has deep knowledge of finance, economics, geopolitics, history, and Indian culture. With 11+ years of blogging experience, he creates insightful content on BharatArticles.com, blending tech, history, and culture to inform and empower readers.

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